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Ecological characteristics of nivicolous slime molds with respect to climate change
Leshchenko, Yuliia ; Koukol, Ondřej (advisor) ; Man, Matěj (referee)
This diploma thesis focuses on nivicolous myxomycetes, a group of amoeboid protists widely distributed in terrestrial ecosystems, particularly in alpine, subalpine, and arctic zones. The main objective is to distinguish whether subgroups of nivicolous myxomycetes have distinct spatial requirements and to identify the key environmental factors influencing their distribution. I employed species distribution modelling (SDM) using three methods (MaxEnt, BIOCLIM, and Random Forest) to predict the habitat suitability of these subgroups. Three taxon experts validated the model predictions. This diploma thesis also explores the potential impact of climate change on their distribution using future climate projection scenarios. The results suggest that SDMs may not fully capture the complexity of habitat requirements for nivicolous myxomycetes in the European part of the Palearctic, however key bioclimatic variables for the study group were distinguished: temperature seasonality, precipitation of the warmest quarter, the maximum temperature of the warmest month. The evaluation by experts reveals some limitations regarding the research design, such as the need for accurate species categorization and consideration of fine-scale environmental variations in the study region. Keywords: nivicolous myxomycetes,...
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Infection of salmonelosis, their source and diagnosis.
Valkus, Martin ; Veselá, Mária (referee) ; Vránová, Dana (advisor)
This bachelor‘s thesis deals with infection of salmonelosis, it’s source, prevention and diagnosis. Theoretical part includes general information about Salmonella species and its morphology. It describes pathogenesis, source of infection, clinical symptoms, treatment and diet recommendations. It analyzes statistics of number of infection occurrences in Czech Republic. It also deals with prevention of infection origin on schools, population foreknowledge and climatic effects. Experimental part of this thesis contains description of optimization procedure of identification Enterobacteriaceae by adjusting of pH of prepared medium MIU.
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Thermophilic microorganisms
Sůkalová, Kateřina ; Vránová, Dana (referee) ; Babák, Libor (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis is focused on distribution thermophilic species from among microorganisms, characteristic important genera, in which these microorganisms we can find and detailed description choice species. There is described origin of thermal environment and locations of habitation thermophilic microorganisms with intention on geothermal areas, where is found the biggest number of these species. In consequence of thermal stability of enzymes these microorganisms are used in food industry, in waste treatment, in medicine and for their production of thermostabile enzymes.
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The representation of economic sectors among the partners of Czech professional sport with a focus on the gambling and alcohol industry
Pokorný, Dominik ; Šíma, Jan (advisor) ; Křivda, Tomáš (referee)
Title: The representation of economic sectors among the partners of Czech professional sport with a focus on the gambling and alcohol industry Objectives: The primary objective of the thesis is to conduct a survey focused on the industrial composition of partners supporting professional sports entities with representation in the highest competitions of Czech sport. Thus, the thesis provides a comprehensive overview of the composition of industries supporting Czech professional sport. The thesis also aims to provide a more detailed look at a group of controversial areas of the economy that are often integral to sports partnerships. Methods: The method of sequential collection of virtual data from primary sources, i.e. official websites of the included sports entities, is used. The whole process is carried out within Microsoft Excel, where all sports entities with their listed partners are recorded, which are always assigned the relevant partnership type and the corresponding defined industry sector. In the same program, the resulting statistics are then prepared and represent the official output of the thesis. Results: The diploma thesis presents an extensive and detailed overview of the structure of industries represented among the partners of sports entities belonging to the sphere of Czech...
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The European beaver (Castor fiber) in CHKO Blanský les
PRAŽÁKOVÁ, Ema
The main aim of this thesis was to research the ecology of the European beaver (Castor fiber), history and distribution of the species in the world, Europe and the Czech Republic. The basic methods of determining the dispersal and abundance of the species in the inhabited area were also described. Also contained was the mapping of the settlement in the selected area in the central part of the Czech Forest Protected Landscape Area, which took place in January and February 2023. The gained information was compared with the results of previous monitoring. The data collected during errands along the shorelines of existing and newly discovered territories showed that the expansion of beaver populations in most of the area is slowly stagnating. Colonisation is currently at a stage where the population is almost constant and unchanging. The typical character of colonisation, as pointed out by many authors, has therefore been confirmed.
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Přirozeně se vyskytující toxiny v potravinách
Pavlíková, Lenka
The bacherol thesis Naturally occurring toxins in food concerns the different toxins. Plant toxins is described and classified by chemical nature. It also deals with t fungal toxins and toxins of microorganisms, mycotoxins and bacterial toxins. The work also describes the toxins of marine animals. Where they occur. Their effect and characteristic signs of repair. Finally, I is written measures that are prevention of toxins in food.
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Screening of carriage of group B (GBS) Streptococcus in pregnant women
ŽIŽKOVÁ, Johana
In the theoretical part of my bachelor thesis, I first focus on the topic of genitourinary infections. I also mention infections that occur in men, then I deal mainly with infections of the genitourinary tract of a woman. I also mention sexually transmitted diseases. Then I go straight to the topic of my bachelor thesis, where I deal with Streptococcus agalactiae bacteria and its screening. The practical part is devoted to the adoption of methods that are used to determine the presence of Streptococcus agalactiae. The whole practical part was carried out in the microbiological laboratory SYNLAB s.r.o. in České Budějovice. The methods of common cultivation were used, cultivation that took place after multiplication of the pathogen in Todd Hewitt Broth + Antibiotics. If Streptococcus agalactiae was detected during cultivation, another test had to be carried out to ensure that this is indeed the pathogen. MALDI-TOF MS is the most frequent determinant, but latex agglutination, CAMP test or API 20 STREP biochemical test can also be used. During the research, 100 samples were processed, which were subjected to normal cultivation and then cultivation according to the recommended procedure, where the swab is incubated in the Todd Hewitt Broth + Antibiotics for 24 hours. Of the 100 samples, the positivity was shown to us after the first cultivation in 14 cases, after multiplication in the broth, another 5 were revealed. From the obtained data and data from the last 3 years provided by the laboratory, I compiled statistics, which I further compared with nationwide data. The aim of my bachelor thesis was to get acquainted with the issue of genitourinary infections and the possibilities of their laboratory diagnosis. I performed the examination of a group of patients by bacteriological cultivation of vaginal swabs and further cultivation after multiplication in the Todd Hewitt Broth + Antibiotics. Subsequently, I compared the results of these two methods and compared the results of the laboratory with the frequency of positive findings with the nationwide data.
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Výskyt a diverzita amphistomních motolic u skotu
VOGALOVÁ, Pavlína
The thesis deals with gastric woodlice of the family Paramphistomidae, which are common parasites of ruminants. Their immature stages can cause severe pathological changes in the host's digestive tract, and massive infection can lead to host death. Adult parasites cause infections of the rumen mucosa, resulting in lower production. The prevalence and diversity of these flukes is currently not systematically monitored. The aim of this study is to describe the occurrence and diversity of gastric flukes in cattle in the Czech Republic and Austria. The practical part consists of examination of dairy cattle faeces from different herds for the presence of eggs using standardised parasitological methods, optimization of a PCR method for direct detection of flukes from the faeces, genotyping of the flukes found, processing of the results using appropriate statistical methods, and comparison with published data.
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Vulnerable benthic water bug species \kur{Aphelocheirus aestivalis }(Fabricius, 1794) (Heteroptera: Aphelocheiridae): distribution and habitat preference in the Czech-Austrian border area of the Lužnice river basin
BAUER, Martin
The occurence, ditribution, habitat preference of benthic water bug Aphelocheirus aestivalis, and structure of macroinvertebrate benthic communities were studied in the upper Lužnice River basin. A. aestivalis is distributed only in a lower part of the upper Lužnice river basin. It inhabites stony biotopes of Dračice river (= Reissbach in the Austrian side), Lužnice river downstream from Suchdol nad Lužnicí, Old part of Lužnice river, Nová řeka river, and Nežárka river. This species occurs only in the rocky and sandy bottom where current speds and dissolved oxygen are both high in the investigated area. Prefered microhabitats are represented by sand and coarse gravel, that overline the larger boulders, rocks, dead woods or rootlets of trees growing in banks and sandy places with submerged plants. Though the Lužnice river has numerous sites of character of prefered habitats and microhabitats also upstream from Suchdol nad Lužnicí, any specimens of A. aestivalis were never found upstream from this small city and in the Koštěnický potok brook (mouth of this right side tributary into Lužnice river is located dovnstream from Suchdol nad Lužnicí). The macroinvertebrate benthic communities in the sites with occurence of A. aestivalis include larvae of following species of water insects: Cloeön dipterum, Baetis vernus, Ephemera danica, Ephemerella ignita, Heptagenia sulphurea (Ephemeroptera); Isoperla cf. rivulorum, Leuctra cf. albida (Plecoptera); Hydropsyche pellucida or incognita, H. angustipennis, Limnephilus sp., Molanna angustata, Polycentropus flavomaculatus, Potamophylax sp. (Trichoptera). Dominant and most abundant insects were Hydropsyche larvae. It is possible to suppose that the larvae of Baetis, Ephemerella (Ephemeroptera) and Hydropsyche (Trichoptera) larvae are prefered prey of A. aestivalis in the investigated area. The Lužnice river is characteristic by often floods including the destructive ones. Chemical parameters of water change espec
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